The combination of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and Se generates a synergistic elevation of TrxR activity in Se-deficient osteoblasts. TrxR1 is an immediate early gene in response to 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, an osteoblastic differentiation agent. GPx1, a major antioxidant enzyme in osteoclasts, is up-regulated by estrogen, an endogenous inhibitor of osteoclastogenesis.
Major conclusions: Antioxidant selenoproteins including glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), as a whole, play a pivotal role in maintaining bone homeostasis and protecting against bone loss. Scope of review: The current state of knowledge concerning selenoproteins and Se status in bone physiology and pathology is summarized. Keywords: Selenium Bone Selenoprotein Osteoblast Osteoclastĭepartment of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, PR China School of Tea Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR Chinaīackground: Emerging evidence supports the view that selenoproteins are essential for maintaining bone health. Zhichao Zhang a, Jinsong Zhang b,⁎, Jianru Xiao a,⁎⁎ aĪrticle history: Received 10 April 2014 Received in revised form 23 July 2014 Accepted 4 August 2014 Available online xxxx Selenoproteins and selenium status in bone physiology and pathology of pages: 11 4C: 2, 6 Biochimica et Biophysica Acta xxx (2014) xxx–xxxĬontents lists available at ScienceDirectīiochimica et Biophysica Acta journal homepage: Review
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